Helminiasis is one of the most common diseases among children and adults.In the human body, different types of worms can parasitize.There is an opinion away from the drug that helminths affect only the digestive tract, in fact worms can parasitize in almost all internal organs - liver, lungs, heart, brain of the brain, as well as in muscle tissue, subcutaneous tissue and eye.The article refers to what worms have.
Classification
There are a huge number of helminths that can hit a person, below are the most common of them.Most of the worms belong to one of the 3 tram groups, cestodes or nematodes.
Trematodes are a class of parasitic worms of flat shape, about 40 species of worms that amazed a person is known.The most common:
- Cat or Siberian Bikars (Causes inventory);
- Schistosomes (causing schistosomosis).
Castods are flat worms.The representatives of the cestodes do not have a digestive system.Most often a person is amazed:
- Bull Tapeworm (causing tusinchosis);
- pork tapeworms (causes cysticis);
- Echinococcus (causes echinococcosis).
Nematodes are roundworms, primary nonsense.Ordinary helminths that affect the person:
- Pinworms;
- Ascarids;
- Vladov.
Human worms are symptoms of the photo (most helminths affect the gastrointestinal tract, hence nausea and vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, intestinal obstruction, smooth weight loss, lack of appetite or excessive hunger):
Baskets or Siberian Bikars
Baskets or Siberian Bikars - a small lancet parasite from a group of liver suction.The causative agent of the disease opisthorkhoz.In the length of the cat bulls reaches 8-18 millimeters, in width-2-2 mm.The parasite develops in the organisms of the two owners - intermediate and final.The intermediate host is molluscs and carp fish, the finale is human.
Along with the stools of infected humans and animals, eggs fall into fresh reservoirs, there they absorb molluscs.In the body of molluscs, the eggs reach the invasive stage - the cervicals, the cervicals leave a soft and introduce into the body of the carp or enter their organisms when molluscs eat fish.In the body of Pisces, the parasite develops up to a meter in cysts, its dimensions reaching 0.17-0.21 mm.
When feeding, infected fish is infected by a person, cysts leave the meter in his body, they pass from the stomach and intestines to the liver and biliary tract.In these organs, they remain parasitized and after 10-12 days reach a sexually mature stage, begin to lay eggs.In the human body, a cat can parasitize up to 10-20 years.
Schistosomes
Schistosomes are blood plates.This is a flat separate helminths, reaching 4-20 millimeters in length, 0.25 mm wide.The schistosome body is equipped with 2nd suction glasses and the abdomen, they are located close to each other.Female schistosomas are longer and worse than men.There is a longitudinal groove on the male body, with it holding the female.Their eggs with a diameter of 0.1 mm, oval shape, on the surface of one of the poles are a large spike.
The human worms of schistosomes in the role of the final owner choose humans, in their organisms they parasitize in small veins of the colon, abdominal cavity, uterus, bladder.The worms feed on blood, partially absorb nutrients through the cuticle.The schistosomes are transported to the intestine and bladder, where they ripen and stand out with stools or urine.In freshwater, a larva comes out of the eggs, its intermediate host is molluscs.In the body of Meta Ceriacaria molluscs develops until 4-8 weeks.
Bull Taper
Bull Chain is a strip parasite that causes teenage disease.These are huge helminths that can grow up to 3-12 meters in length.On the body of the parasite is a small head with a diameter of up to 3 mm, neck, and about 1000 segments.After entering the human body, along with unprecedented thermally infected meat, the politician is attached to the intestinal walls with 4 suction glasses.
In hermaphrodite segments, helminth eggs are placed, one separately laying up to 600 million eggs each year.Such helminths in humans are parasites in the intestine for 20 years or more, if there is no timely treatment.
Pork tapeworm
Surrey tapeworm, like the bull, there are 4 suction glasses on the body, but in addition to the helminth body is also equipped with a double breakage of hooks.It reaches a length of two to three meters.The pork tapeworm has three -like ovary, on each side the uterus has 7 to 12 branches.A characteristic feature of this helminth is the ability of the segments to crawl from the anus.After the exterior exterior, their shell becomes dry and explodes so that the helminth eggs enter the external environment.The intermediate master of tapeworm can be pigs and human.
The main owner is a person.Intestinal parasites in humans include pork tapeworm, helminths are located in the patient's gut, where he lays his eggs.The infection occurs when invasive meat is used.
Echinococcus
The causative agent of echinococcosis reaches 3-5 millimeters with a length.It consists of a chapter on which there are four suction glasses and two holes of hooks and three - four segments.The latter of the segments has a developed reproductive system.The intermediate host is livestock or person, the final owner is dogs, wolves.The infection is performed as an oral path.
Echinococcus enters the intestine where the larvae come out of the eggs.With the help of hooks, the larvae penetrate the system of the vein of the gate, from where, together with the blood, they spread to the liver, light, muscle tissue.
Speakers
Tips - roundworms, pathogens of enterobiosis, the so -called dirty hands disease.To a greater extent, childhood infection is the subject of children.The infection is performed as a lip and contact house.You can find these worms in the stool.
The females of the Pinworms Helminants reach 5-10 mm in length, men-3 millimeters.The shape of the Pinworms body is milky white in the form of a spindle.The end of the body in women is slightly sharpened.Adult worms parasitize in the lower parts of the small and large intestines of a person, attaching to the wall with the help of the head of the head.To lay eggs, female hornworms enter the rectum, crawl and lay eggs in the anus, then die.The delayed eggs become invasive after 4-6 hours.Pinworms life expectancy - one - two months.
Askarids
Askarides are other representatives of the class of roundworms - parasites, pathogens of ascariasis.These helminths are yellowish - pink, have an elongated spindle from the figurative shape, separately.The females of the ascarid grow up to 20-40 centimeters, the men reach a length of 15-25 centimeters.Each day, an elderly female ascaride lays more than 200,000 eggs, which, along with human stools, stand out in the external environment, where after 12-14 days they become invasive.
The human body is parasitized in the gastrointestinal tract, localized mainly in the small intestine.The full cycle of development from invasive egg to mature stage takes about 3 months.
Vlashev
Vlasodgov - round helminths that cause trichocephalosis.Helminants are a thin brown nematode with thin threads in the front and rounded back.The females of the voice head grow up to 3.5-5.5 centimeters and males up to 3-4.5 centimeters.The larvae of the worms of a person are localized in the cecum, where they parasitize to the stage of puberty, and the eggs are also laid there.With a massive invasion, Helmintters can also occupy the colon, including the rectum.
Every day the females of Blazo -head lay 3.5 thousand eggs.The steer's eggs have a barrel with a barrel covered with a thick brown shell, colorless "lids" are located on the pillars.Eggs fall into the soil along with the bowel movements of the main owner, in the presence of favorable conditions, they can maintain invasion properties for up to two years.The duration of parasitization in the human intestine is 5-7 years.